β-cyclodextrin and calix[4]arene-functionalized thieno[3,2-b]thiophene based polymers as fluorescent ion sensors

Golfamsadat Hoda, Recep Isci*, Sheida Faraji, Turan Ozturk*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Design, synthesis, and applications of four novel thienothiophene-based polymers as sensing probes (G1-CD, G2-CD, G1-Cal, and G2-Cal), incorporating π-bridges of thiophene (T) and biphenyl (BP) benefiting from the unique cone-shaped structure and intramolecular interactions of β-cyclodextrin and calix[4]arene, are reported. They exhibited remarkable fluorescent alterations in response to Hg2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, and Cu2+. Their syntheses involved Suzuki coupling, and a comprehensive analysis of the optical and electronic properties of the resulting polymers was conducted using UV–Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Photophysical characterizations of these novel polymers showed a remarkable mega Stokes shift, reaching up to 162 nm and optic/electronic band gaps between 1.95 and 2.92 eV. Notably, G2-CD, functionalized with β-cyclodextrin, stands out as the most promising sensor, demonstrating superior sensitivity and selectivity in detecting Hg2+ ions with a remarkable turn-off fluorescence response down to concentrations as low as 1 ppm. This research contributes to advancing the development of electronically and optically responsive materials, with potential applications in the sensitive detection of biologically and toxicologically significant ions.

Original languageEnglish
Article number111135
JournalOptics and Laser Technology
Volume177
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords

  • Calix[4]arene
  • Conductive polymer
  • Cyclodextrin
  • Fluorescence sensor
  • Thienothiophene

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